Plant Breeding
Plant Breeding
Plant Breeding: The science of improving crop varieties for better and higher yield is called plant breeding. The various approaches used are:
1. Introduction of a crop from another area: Superior varieties of crop plants are obtained from other areas. They are allowed to acclimatize (get used to) to the local environment. Then a study of their growth pattern.
2. Selection of plants with desired traits: The plants with desirable characters are selected. Selection is done in two ways. One way is to select the seeds of many plants with desirable external characteristics. These characteristics may include the size of fruit, and the number and size of seeds. This method is called mass selection. The other way is to select the seeds of plants with some desired characters and sow them in separate plots. This method is called pure-line selection.
3. hybridization, or cross-breeding
Plant Breeding in India: Plant breeding to improve crop varieties has been successfully carried out in India. Indian agricultural scientists at the Pusa Institute, started cross-breeding some Indian varieties of wheat with some high-yielding Mexican varieties during late 1960s. The resulting hybrid varieties were pest-resistant, high-yielding and better suited to our climate. This was the beginning of the Green Revolution in India. Prof Swaminathan is thus considered the architect of the Green Revolution in India.
A plant breeder wants to develop a disease resistant variety. What should he do first? | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Aims of Plant breeding are to produce __________________ | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Plant breeding is needed for ______________________. | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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